Machine Code and Assembly Language

by scientific-computing.info

The central processing unit in a computer is able to receive and act on a stream of instructions. Ultimately, each instruction is simply a stream of binary digits, or 0s and 1s. Clearly it is very arduous to program the computer in this way. However, if the digits are grouped into fours then they are hexadecimal numbers. It is possible to program in hexadecimals, otherwise known as machine code. Programs can be written in the machine code, but it is generally a fairly time-consuming task.

The hexadecimal codes can be interpreted as commands and written as mnemonics. Code written in this way is called Assembly Language. It is easier to write programs in Assembly Language than in machine code since the mnemonic instructions have a clearly understood meaning; the programmer does not need to constantly refer to the manual for the correct hexadecimal code.

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Machine code and Assembly Language are low level languages. They are machine-dependent; programs written for one CPU cannot be run on another CPU.

On the other hand, programs in high level languages can be transported between computers of different types. Programming Languages may be low or high level.